Utilization vs throughput is conflicting goals.
Big Picture
OS:
- creates new process
- sets up address space/segments
- read the executable, load instructions, global data
- libraries gets loaded
Complier:
- set up stack
Heap Allocator: “Sandbox of bytes”
- initialize the heap
heap allocation: client
void *malloc(size_t size);
Returns a pointer to a block of heap memory of at least size bytes, or NULL if an error occurred.
void free(void *ptr);
Frees the heap-allocated block starting at the specific address.
void *realloc(void *ptr, size_t size);
Changing the size of a pointer and realloc if needed
See Heap allocator