Houjun Liu

SU-CS254 FEB242025

Key Sequence

Notation

New Concepts

Important Results / Claims

Questions

Interesting Factoids


An Anthropomorphic View of NP

For some string \(x\), and language \(L\). We wonder:

\begin{equation} x \in^{?} L \end{equation}

We can consider NP as a two party game, whereby:

  • prover: looks at \(x, L\), and sends some proof \(w\) for \(x \in L\)
  • verifier: does some polytime computation, and either accepts or rejects

We want to make sure that this system follows the following patterns:

  • \(x \in L \implies \exists y \text{ s.t. } V\qty(x,y)\) accepts
  • \(x \not \in L \implies \forall y, V\qty(x,y)\) rejects

In general, think of the prover as actively malicious, in that it will try to convince you \(x \in L, \forall x\)

Interactive Proofs

What happens if you allow the prover and verifier to interact? This is of course a larger class than NP, but is it strictly larger?

Suppose the prover and verifier could interact?

Interactive

See Interactive Proof