inclusion exclusion counting
Last edited: August 8, 2025If an outcome can be from sets \(A=m\) or \(B=n\) with no overlaps, where \(A \cap B = \emptyset\), then, the total number of outcomes are \(|A| + |B| = m+n\)
If there are overlap:
\begin{equation} N = |A|+|B| - |A \cap B| \end{equation}
independently and identically distributed
Last edited: August 8, 2025\(n\) random random variables are IID if they are
- independent
- identically distributed (see below)
“identically distributed”
Consider \(n\) random variables:
- \(X_i\) all have the same PMF / PDF
- and therefore, all have the same expectation and variance
central limit theorem
when things are IID, you can use central limit theorem.
Index Index
Last edited: August 8, 2025Here’s a list of all indexes:
This should be reflected on a fancier way on my home page.
inductor
Last edited: August 8, 2025voltage across a inductor
\begin{equation} V = \epsilon = -L \dv{I}{t} \end{equation}
this is kind of a formulation of faraday’s law.
\begin{equation} I(t) = \frac{V_0}{R_1} (1-e^{\frac{-t}{\frac{L}{R}}}) \end{equation}
energy stored in an inductor
\begin{equation} E = \frac{1}{2} LI^{2} \end{equation}
