goal: Drug Resistance could be more hampered by developing drugs that actually fit in the sub-strait envelope (i.e. if a virus develops a change to the drugged area, it should also stop working)

takeaway: to design inhibitors, it sticking out (“protrusion”) of the substrate envelope causes easy areas of mutation that will confer Drug Resistance, therefore, design drugs that try to stay within substrate envelope to ensure a higher degree of imperviousness to mutation (i.e. if the envelope changes well the virus is going to not do its job either)

MOMDP are POMDPs where some parts of the state are fully observable.

Motivation

scaling up POMDPs is really hard: exponential curse of dimensionality. Even discretization will cause the number of beliefs to really blow up.

Some of the state isn’t uncertain, some others are bounded uncertainty: this REDUCES scale a lot.

Solving

Solving the algorithm uses SARSOP, or any point-based system. Instead of sampling the full belief state, however, we sample from a tuple \((x, b_{y})\), whereby \(x\) is the observable part and \(b_{y}\) is the unobservable part.

We can abstract common part of language features such as state and exception. It allows programming these features in pure lambda calculus.

A monad \(M a\) is an abstract type—

the “normal” type is \(a\), and we have the semantics hidden in \(M\).

• return: \(a \to Ma\)
• bind: \(M a \to (a \to M b) \to M b\) — it takes a monad, a function that takes the unwrapped thing and hands back a new monad, and returns that

bind is written with \(v \gg = f\) for monad \(v\) and function \(f: a\to M b\)

Monetarist theory is a theory of economics proposed by Milton Freedman which asserts that Keynsian economics only applies in the limited case that central bank need to keep the money supply growing; otherwise, the free market can handle itself.

Therefore the Monetarist theorists propose that the stock market crash of 1929 was caused that the US monetary fund did a bad job of actually controlling the funds, and didn’t inject enough money into economy.