Human do not perceive frequency very well. The Mel scale is a scale from Hertz to what’s better perceived.

memory is an array of bytes

• each byte has a unique index which is written in hexadecimal
• a pointer stores addresses to memory

Utilization vs throughput is conflicting goals.

Big Picture

OS:

• creates new process
• sets up address space/segments
• read the executable, load instructions, global data
• libraries gets loaded

Complier:

• set up stack

Heap Allocator: “Sandbox of bytes”

• initialize the heap

heap allocation: client

void *malloc(size_t size);

Returns a pointer to a block of heap memory of at least size bytes, or NULL if an error occurred.

void free(void *ptr);

Frees the heap-allocated block starting at the specific address.

Mencius Philosophy: every person has the capability of goodness and harm, and whichever one you water is the one that grows.

the mesoscopic region is the regions far away from equilibrium points—which is really hard

This is also why Poincare invented topo.