Posts

Computational Task

Last edited: August 8, 2025

A Computational Task:

Decision problems

  1. a decision problem: \(\Sigma^{*} \to \qty {\text{no}, \text{yes}}\)
  2. we often associate the “yes” instances of this decision problem as a \(L \subseteq \Sigma^{*}\) language

“Given boolean formula \(\varphi\), accept IFF \(\varphi\) is SAT”

Function problems

Give me a particular case of:

\begin{equation} f(w) : \Sigma^{*} \to \Sigma^{*} \end{equation}

note that there is a unique answer.

“Give a formula \(\varphi\), output lex first satisfying assignments/number of satisfying assignments”

computer number system

Last edited: August 8, 2025

bit

A computer is built out of binary gates:

So, having voltage into \(B\) allows current to pass through between \(S\) and \(D\), it could be on/off.

byte

Accumulation of \(8\) bits

Computer memory is a large array of bytes. It is only BYTE ADDRESSABLE: you can’t address a bit in isolation.

bases

Generate, each base uses digits \(0\) to \(base-1\).

We prefix 0x to represent hexadecimal, and 0b to represent binary.

conceptual grammar

Last edited: August 8, 2025

conceptual grammar is the proposed universal grammar which connects semantic primes. In theory, this grammar is universal across languages.

There are three main categories of conceptual grammars:

  • Combinatorics (connecting one idea to another)
  • Account of valancies? #what
  • Propositional complementation (location “something that happen in this place”