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cryo-electron microscopy

Last edited: August 8, 2025

cyro-EM is a structure determination system of a solution (Dutta, M. 2018. J indian inst sci 98) to analyze a structural population of particles from TEM; the resulting 3-D structures obtained can be analyzed and classified.

“The Resolution Revolution”: much better structures to analyze because of high-fidelity cyro-EM

cyro-EM vs x-ray crystallography

cyro-EM can identify heterogeneous motions throughout the structure, instead of averaging out multiple structural combinations; instead of the “general” structure on average, we can get a collection of various states the particle can be in.

Crystals

Last edited: August 8, 2025

cs124

Last edited: August 8, 2025

CS154 Final Summary

Last edited: August 8, 2025

Finite Automata

Deterministic Finite Automata, computability (in particular regular languages) and Non-deterministic Finite Automata (i.e. verified guessing)

optimization and Learning DFA

we were then able to characterize hardness with Streaming Algorithm and Communication Complexity

Computability Theory

turing machines, and Oracle Turing Machine, and things that are decidable vs. recognizable

through mapping reductions, we are then able to make decidability and recognizablility claims for many languages

we learned about the hierarchy of hard problems through the notion of SUPERHALT in Oracle Turing Machines

We tied mathematics and computation together, and showed Godel’s Theorem about the Limitations of Mathematics